OPTIMIZING LOMBOK MSMES THROUGH PLACE-BASED BUSINESS INCUBATION: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW AND CONTEXTUAL DATA ANALYSIS

Abstract

This study develops a contextual business incubation architecture for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Lombok by synthesizing a structured integrative review of 35 international journal articles indexed in Scopus and contextual secondary data analysis. The review drew together evidence on incubation architecture, fit between entrepreneur and support, ecosystem brokerage, dynamic capabilities, digitalisation, resilience and evaluation of programmes. Official statistics were used to test correspondence between these international mechanisms and the structure of enterprise in Lombok, not to estimate the programme impact. According to the 2023 Micro and Small Industry Profile, there are 149,962 micro and small manufacturing businesses in West Nusa Tenggara with 337,949 workers. However, 61.67% reported difficulties in their businesses, only 2.08% had ever received guidance or training, 3.64% had partnerships, 1.93% undertook innovation and 26.68% used the internet. District differences are more pronounced which Mataram had much higher innovation and partnership intensity, while Lombok Tengah and Lombok Timur had large enterprise or employment bases, but weak training reach, innovation and extra district market access. These patterns suggest that a standardized, island wide training package would continue rather than mitigate ecosystem inequality. The study proposes Place-Lombok with profile-based diagnosis, local value chain integration, adaptive stage gated support, connect hybrid delivery and evidence-based graduation. The framework moves incubation from delivering activities to converting differentiated capabilities and delivering measurable additionality. It is a conceptual model based on secondary data that requires validation by stakeholders and pilot implementation.